Lauritzen, P.H.; Kevlahan, N.K.-R.; Toniazzo, Thomas; Eldred, C.; Dubos, T.; Gassmann, A.; Larson, V.E.; Jablonowski, C.; Guba, O.; Shipway, B.; Harrop, B.E.; Lemarié, F.; Tailleux, R.; Herrington, A.R.; Large, W.; Rasch, P.J.; Donahue, A.S.; Wan, H.; Conley, A.; Bacmeister, J.T. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
Earth System Models (ESMs) have numerous total energy budget errors. This article establishes the governing total energy equations for large-scale ESMs and assesses the energy budget errors in real-world simulations in a ...