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dc.contributor.authorMayers, Kyle
dc.contributor.authorLawrence, Janice
dc.contributor.authorSkaar, Katrine Sandnes
dc.contributor.authorTöpper, Joachim Paul
dc.contributor.authorPetelenz-Kurdziel, Elzbieta Anna
dc.contributor.authorSaltvedt, Marius Rydningen
dc.contributor.authorSandaa, Ruth-Anne
dc.contributor.authorLarsen, Aud
dc.contributor.authorBratbak, Gunnar
dc.contributor.authorRay, Jessica Louise
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-11T09:08:22Z
dc.date.available2022-03-11T09:08:22Z
dc.date.created2021-10-12T08:49:58Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.citationLimnology and Oceanography. 2021, 66 (11), 3963-3975.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0024-3590
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2984520
dc.description.abstractDespite their importance in shaping the structure and function of marine microbial food webs, little is known about factors regulating marine virus abundance. Previous work demonstrated clearance of laboratory-cultured Emiliania huxleyi virus by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica; however, the applicability of this interaction to natural virus assemblages was not investigated. Here, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments using O. dioica and mesocosm water containing natural virus assemblages with high densities of virus, and measured removal of virus by O. dioica using both flow cytometry and molecular methods. Bayesian models based on flow cytometry quantification of virus particles demonstrated efficient removal of viruses (mean 90.3 mL ind−1 d−1), with a clearance efficiency of 42.6% relative to food algae. Molecular detection of virus removal by quantification of viral mcp gene copies revealed a mean clearance rate of 68.1 mL ind−1 d−1. Fecal pellets from these experiments demonstrated that viruses in fecal pellets retain infectivity despite passage through the O. dioica gut. Shotgun metavirome analysis demonstrated O. dioica removal of large virus groups, notably the Phycodnaviridae. The results demonstrate the removal of E. huxleyi virus from natural virus assemblages by O. dioica and the maintenance of viral infectivity when incorporated into fecal pellets, prompting further investigation on the fate of fecal-packaged viruses and their impact on host dynamics. Furthermore, our results indicate the generality of this interaction for other large algal viruses, raising questions about the implications of this mechanism of marine virus redistribution on the broader marine virus community.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleRemoval of large viruses and their dispersal through fecal pellets of the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica during Emiliania huxleyi bloom conditionsen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.rights.holder© The Authors, 2021en_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/lno.11935
dc.identifier.cristin1945063
dc.source.journalLimnology and Oceanographyen_US
dc.source.volume66en_US
dc.source.issue11en_US
dc.source.pagenumber3963-3975en_US
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 275710en_US
dc.relation.projectEC/H2020/731065en_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal
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